Marks Spencer Essay Essay Example

Imprints Spencer Essay Example Imprints Spencer Essay Imprints Spencer Essay This task will look at how Marks Spencers procedures have changed in the previous 10 years, from 1998 to 2008. These techniques incorporate administration system, corporate social obligation, publicizing procedure, serious methodology, and green methodology. Be that as it may, the most significant methodology must be the recuperation plan of these ten years. Imprints Spencer is the biggest dress retailer in the UK. It is additionally a worldwide retailer which works around 760 stores in excess of 20 nations around the globe. The organization gave quality items reasonable costs and they offer a board scope of items, for example, womenswear, menswear, childrenswear, babywear, and homewares. [Mintel, Retail Review March, 2008] In 1998, the organization was hit by falling deals and loss of piece of the overall industry. They endured 23% diminishing in benefits, and by 2001 Marks and Spencer was not, at this point even in the Financial Times rundown of the best 500 worldwide organizations. It was even at risk for being taken over by another organization. The reasons of diminishing deals incorporate the disappointment of the changing needs of its center purchasers, exhausting structure and styling and stylish contenders, for example, Gap and Zara. From that point forward, the organization utilized various systems to recuperate the organization lost. Before the finish of 2002, the piece of the pie of the dress market raised up forcefully to 14.8%. Imprints and Spencer had the option to bring back the clients calmly. Be that as it may, they encountered another quick drop in piece of the pie again in the 2 after years, which was somewhere in the range of 2003 and 2004. Luckily, the organization got the piece of the overall industry in 2006 with solid exhibitions from menswear, womenswear and childrenwear. The Christmas deals even rose up by 9.2% in 2007, which was authoritatively recuperated. Subsequently, the inquiry regarding how the organization went down, how it recouped and the nearness system will be found. [Marks Spencer yearly report, mintel 2002] Above all else, the board technique is included during these ten years. Imprints Spencer has been changed their executive load up ordinarily since1998. For instance, Luc Vandevelde selected as an administrator in 2000 and now, Stuart Rose is the current official executive since 2008. The authoritative structure has been changed to be compliment over these ten years They organization has been chopped down certain layers of the board since 1998. This would empower their representatives at the rest of the levels to be more capable and have more responsibility than previously. Faster choice could be made by this methodology which implies that the representative must be prepared to give valid justification for the choices that they make. In 2001, Marks Spencer made consideration on actualizing the progressions about adding exceptionally gifted retail experts to the organization. Begun from 2000, the organization have set up a solid authority group, which has built up an awesome advancement in its usage. They were attempting to improve the estimation of the center market. [Marks Spencer yearly report, mintel 2002] From 2003 to 2007, the quantity of Marks Spencer stores in the UK and Republic of Ireland has expanded from 335 to 472, which is a methodology of market infiltration, as Marks Spencer showcased similar items to its energizing customers that are in the UK and Republic of Ireland for increment deals. Moreover, propelling dependability card is another action of market entrance. (Ridder, K.,2003 , Mintel, 2007) A considerable lot of Marks and Spencers techniques can be characterized by utilizing Ansoffs network, which is one of the most valuable arranging help. This helps recognizing elective systems dependent on items and markets. There are four principle development methodologies of potential mixes for items and markets. They are showcase execution, advertise improvement, item advancement and broadening. [Ansoffs Matrix, 2008] Item improvement is the procedure that included the advancement of new items for current clients. For example, the David Beckham scope of childrenswear, DB07 was propelled in 2004. A brand is a vacant vessel you permeate with value.(Wally Olins, 1988) This statement identifies with Marks and Spencer, as a result of it was a chance of including worth, quality and authority by having David Beckham to be one of their extents, DB07. This helped the organization to pull in new clients in the new market, which is another case of Diversification. Market Development implies the way toward growing new markets for existing items. Focusing on new sections or extending new topographical markets can accomplish the organization development. Be that as it may, Marks Spencer didn't enter any new topographical markets, since the offer of Brooks Brothers in 2000 and King Super Markets in 2006 for their recuperation plan. The organization attempted to concentrate on Europe, in light of the fact that the organization for the most part possessed stores in the UK, Republic of Ireland and establishments in Continental Europe. The quantities of stores in the Continental European nations are even extended from 82 to 131 altogether between July 2004 and July 2007. Web based shopping is each other action of market improvement. Imprints Spencer began propelling web based retailing in 1999. Before the year's over 2000, they had extended 3,000 items on their site. At that point, they continued building up their web based shopping through organizations with various organizations, for example, MSN in 2000 and Amazon in 2005. (mintel, style online 2006) Expansion is the most unsafe techniques in the Ansoff lattice, as it implies the organization advertises new items to new clients, which may not be pertinent. For example, Marks Spencer had an extraordinary thought of employing a popular football player, David Beckhamd and giving him his own dress range. Their showcasing center is around their dress range which is most likely the correct thought because of contenders, for example, Sainsburys were presenting their own apparel run. The organization had consolidated their own style and picture which their rivals couldn't understand to. Along these lines, it was a major positive development for the organization. [Marks Spencer yearly report 1999] The recuperation plan on 2000/01 was concentrating on UK retail business, chopping down expense and organizations and improving capital structure. The technique of concentrating on the UK retail business which included extending the developing organizations, for example, food, home and excellence, yet additionally focusing on attire business, quicken of store recharging program for progressively escalated utilization of room, and drawing nearer to the shopper, regarding better promoting correspondence. The chopping down unfruitful procedure were included selling the business in Hong Kong to turn into an establishment, shutting down some unbeneficial abroad business and the unrewarding garments list and diminishing expense of merchandise that by utilizing remote provider in Asia, which empowered to lessen deals cost and to raise benefit. After the recuperated of the organization, the organization was intending to drive their center business, for example, item, administration, conditio n and brand stretch. Likewise, they needed to build up their worldwide business. On the methodology of improving capital structure, the organization attempted to lessen the interest in inventories by 10%, which helped for a decrease of  £90million. Rivalries with different retailers, for example, Gap and Zara, Marks Spencer has been changed from dealing with their business in general, as opposed to alone product offerings, to Imprints Spencer began concentrating on the UK market and its center garments business in 2001. That year, George David, who is the originator of Next selected to make another womens style assortment for Marks Spencer in February, which called Per Una. This product offerings mirrored the first Marks Spencers estimations of value, worth and development just as the advanced prerequisites for style. In 2004, the organization recommended to alter it course of its apparel. They needed to pull in more youthful clients and the organization purchased Per Una from George Davies for  £125m in September. [Marks Spencer yearly report, 2001and 2004] Imprints Spencer have changed a great deal in their childrenswear office in 2002. They have been utilizing high innovation of wellbeing and security testing on their scopes of childrenswear, which gave a superior quality to their items. As mintel report recommended that the greatest danger to the retail scene at that point (2002) was Marks and Spencer. Imprints and Spencer was intriguing, as they have languished over period yet they were all the more a danger on the off chance that they start thinking responsibly and get things directly in childrens garments they could have an enormous effect a lot greater than any remote retailers entering the commercial center. [Mintel report, 2002] Also, since Marks and Spencer accepted that kids wear should included more characters and style, in February of 2002, they chose to sign David Beckham to help with their kid wear run. In September of 2002, Marks and Spencer presented their new material wear DB07 which gave a lift to with more grounded extends by growing and acquainting a quick style component with its Limited Collection run in 2006/07. [mintel, Retail Review UK March 2008] Since the sensational deals drop, Marks Spencer began spending a tremendous measure of cash on their publicizing methodology. In 1999, they spent around  £2 million on the promoting effort which included TV ad. In 2001, the companys Christmas publicizing was propelled on the national TV. A portion of the famous people were included saying what Christmas intends to them and a portion of the Christmas present, items were highlighted either. In 2004, text promoting was right off the bat utilized by Marks and Spencer, which means sending the organization brand name to target clients. Additionally, David Beckham was included for the worked together assortment, DB07 at that year, which indicated a family men picture for the brand and suits the picture of Marks Spencer In 2005, a publicizing effort Not simply Food was propelled in April and the advertisin

Wireless and Fundamental Changes

Display 1. 4 features the showcasing ramifications of Internet advancements in the accompanying classifications: Bits not iotas, Mediating innovation, Global reach, Network externality, Time arbitrator, Information equalizer, Scalable limit, Open Standard, Market deconstruct, and Task Automation. What key changes has the Internet brought to promoting? The level of influence is moving to buyersâ€one of the most basic changes to advertising. Advertisers have for all intents and purposes lost control of brand pictures because of sites, online release sheets, and other online correspondence, and should reliably underpromise and overdeliver. Different changes: Market discontinuity. The Internet put conclusion to this pattern by stretching out to its ultimateâ€a showcase size of one customerâ€and provoked advertisers to make items and correspondence to little objective gatherings. Passing of separation. Geographic area is not, at this point a factor while teaming up with colleagues, flexibly chain firms, or clients, or simply visiting with companions. Time pressure. Time isn't a factor with Internet correspondence among firms and their partners. Online stores can be open every minute of every day; individuals can impart as their calendars license; times zones vanish for supervisors working together with accomplices on different landmasses. Basic information the executives. In the advanced world, client data is simple and economical to accumulate, store, and examine. Administrators can follow promoting results as plans are executed, accepting in depth reports. Be that as it may, transforming gigantic databases into important information to control vital choices is a significant test. Interdisciplinary core interest. Advertisers must comprehend innovation to saddle its capacity. They don't need to actually build up the advances, however they have to realize enough to choose fitting providers and direct innovation experts. Scholarly capital standards. Creative mind, innovativeness, and business are more significant assets than monetary capital. The web properties that influence promoting are simply the web. The web permits data to travel quicker all through the entire world. Besides, the presence of email adds to a progressively proficient method of correspondence. Email likewise has started the thoughts for another web upset, the informal communities. An interpersonal organization depends on Web 2. 0 where the web permits intuitiveness inside the web clients network. The presence of interpersonal organizations, for example, Facebook and Twitter keeps individuals online more frequently than previously. Another case of web properties that influence advertising is through sites. There was an adage; â€Å"pen is more keen than sword†. With web journals, web clients are permitted to communicate their assessments and conversations around the world. The wiki pages, for example, Wikipedia are places where individuals share information about everything, including brands and other showcasing related themes. With these web properties, there are a couple of major changes the web has brought to showcasing. Right off the bat, it changes the force move from venders to purchasers. Customers can share and audit the items online where great items will be adulated and substandard items will be evaluated wherever through verbal exchange or some would call it expression of â€Å"mouse† (WOM). It is likewise through this procedure that purchasers trust each other more than they trust the organizations. This issue can be estimated by the achievement of EBay in the online market where second-hand and unforeseen items will be advertised in the site. One could get a thing from EBay where no other can discover, for example, one of a kind items. The other large change to showcasing approach because of web is the market and media discontinuity. Before the presence of web promoting, the brands will experience a progression of gracefully fasten before coming to the†¦ What worries about buyer security are raised by the expanded utilization of remote registering and handheld gadgets outside the home or working environment? here remote gadgets can contain their budgetary and private data and those signs can be blocked and others can get data. 12. What worries about purchaser protection are raised by the expanded utilize ofâ remote processing and handheld gadgets outside the home or working environment? The quick multiplication of remote systems outside the home and work place has brough t about expanded worry over protection. In the advanced setting, protection alludes to two things: the â€Å"right to be left alone,† and the option to keep one’s individual data hidden (see part 5). As to remote registering, one major concern is instant message Spamming. As advertisers access wireless numbers and even mobile phone catalogs, many dread that corrupt advertisers will overpower customers with voice and instant messages. Another worry is that individuals can capture remote transmissions, in this manner accessing individual data sent from PCs and different gadgets over remote systems. Security issues with firm stance Internet associations with â€Å"always-on† administrations like DSL and link were concern enough as of now. Presently with administrations that communicate information all through the air openly accessible to everybody, purchasers have motivation to be significantly progressively concerned. Similar issues with security, Visas numbers, individual data, and so on apply, aside from now individuals can tune in and even hop onto your system with a Pringle’s can for a reception apparatuses and a little skill. Encryption gauges are still broadly discussed, however it is likely the additional accommodation will win out at long last. In a future with portable trade and computerized account moves over remote systems, security will get central.

Product Life Cycle Of Cadbury Dairy Milk

Item Life Cycle Of Cadbury Dairy Milk Cadbury chocolates was begun in Birmingham in 1824 by John Cadbury. Chocolate in those days was a very elitist item. Cadbury Dairy Milk concocted the blend of milk and chocolate plate which is essentially how the item despite everything is. There has been no extraordinary change in the formula of the item yet the bundling and the portrayal and noticeable quality of the glass and half of milk logo has changed over some stretch of time. Cadbury India started its activities in 1948 by bringing in chocolates and afterward re-pressing them before circulation in the Indian market. Today, Cadbury has five organization claimed fabricating offices at Thane, Induri (Pune) and Malanpur (Gwalior), Bangalore and Baddi (Himachal Pradesh) and 4 deals workplaces (New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkota and Chennai). Its corporate office is in Mumbai.Worldwide, (http://www.iloveindia.com/economy-of-india/top-50-organizations/cadbury-india.html) A Timeline: 1904â another formula is idealized by George Cadbury for milk chocolate. 1905â Cadbury dispatches Dairy Milk onto the market another milk chocolate that contains undeniably more milk than anything recently tasted and with a one of a kind rich taste. 1913â Dairy Milk becomes Cadburys smash hit line. Mid 1920sâ Dairy Milk becomes UK brand pioneer a position it despite everything appreciates today. 1928â Fruit Nut is presented as a variety of Dairy Milk. The glass and a half promoting motto is presented. 1933â WholeNut is added to the Dairy Milk family. 1948â Cadbury Dairy Milk is sold in India 1998â Dairy Milk is re-propelled with the new and present day pack structure, yet its formula and one of a kind taste are still fundamentally the same as the first formula. 2005â Cadbury Dairy Milk praises its 100th birthday celebration. (http://www.innovation.cadbury.com/allaboutus/ourbrands/featurebrands/Pages/CadburyDairyMilk2.aspx?TabIndex=1) Brand Identity : Kapferers model Stage in the Product Life Cycle Cadbury Dairy Milk is in the development phase of the item Life cycle. It as of now has a piece of the overall industry of 70% in the chocolate advertise and is route in front of its rivals. There is a high level of brand mindfulness. The shading purple and the glass and half full logo is among the most perceived logos and the relationship of the two with Cadbury Dairy Milk is equal. Market Scenario/Challenges As per AC Nielson investigation of 2007: Realities Figures The Indian Chocolate advertise is evaluated to beat around 1500crores. It is developing at the pace of 18-20% per annum With 72% of the piece of the overall industry in India, Cadbury is the market chief. Organizations The 2 primary rivals in the Indian market that Cadbury faces any opposition from are Nestle and Amul. There are a few new and nearby brands like Candico, Sweet World and so on which are attempting to make its essence felt. Buyer Trends The Mithaai or sweet has been the custom in India up until this point. Chocolates are noow attempting to break into that alliance and henceforth faces firm rivalry more from this item class than its quick rivals. Chocolates are a greater amount of a spur of the moment purchase. Buyers are leaning toward chocolates to Mithaai as a result of appropriate bundling, longer time span of usability, mid-extend valuing and comfort. Buyers have begun demonstrating enthusiasm for milk chocolates as well as different assortments like Dark Chocolate and so on. One of the significant difficulties that Cadbury Dairy Milk faces is a decrease in deals because of new variations being presented in the market by different brands which could bring about the item moving from development to decay stage. Another significant test originates from an alternate item class through and through which is the Indian Sweets or Mithaai. Steps taken by brand at each stage-at a correspondence and item level Presentation Cadbury Dairy Milk publicizing has constantly portrayed a rich embroidered artwork of human feelings and connections. During the 1980s, it was situated as the ideal articulation of adoration, caught in paramount duplicate: now and then Cadbury can say it superior to words. During the early1990s, Cadbury Dairy Milk underscored its global personality, imparting that it was the genuine taste of chocolate. In 1994 came the way breaking genuine taste of life battle. The promotion highlighting a lady running on the cricket field commending the triumph is still emphatically scratched in our brain even today. This battle made a sensational move in the manner chocolates were seen. Cadbury Dairy Milk has progressively gotten caught as a prize or pay off for youngsters and this crusade unshackled the brand by re-situating it to the free-kid in each grown-up. Cadbury Dairy Milk re-imagined itself as the ideal articulation of unconstrained, shared positive sentiments, giving the genuine taste of life experience. The technique paid off: Brand Cadbury developed by over half in deals volumes. (Super brands) Development At that point in 1998, the following phase of development for the brand managed advancing utilization in a social setting, particularly in increasingly conventional settings like weddings. With the battle Khaanein waallon ko khaanein ka bahana chahiye highlighting Cyrus Broacha, Cadbury Dairy Milk intended to generously expand infiltration levels. The battle was propelled pair with the honor winning Kuchh khaas haicampaign and the media procedure was to let the two exist together towards a typical vision: A Cadbury in each pocket. The brand entered into littler towns and deals volumes developed by 40% (Source: Internal Sales Data). (Super brands) Emergency Management The worm contention came about in Cadburys brand picture getting destroyed. They needed to review a clump of chocolates. Rather than taking any transient measures, Cadbury utilized this chance to make a move and revamp the trust of individuals. They propelled a task Vishwas which taught retailers and wholesalers on capacity and different perspectives separated from instructing purchasers. The other significant advance was to change the bundling. The companys repackaging exercise, which utilized a blend of bundling innovations, was uncommon in the class. With the upgraded bundling set up, the organization chose to convey the measures it had taken to shield quality principles. To add believability to its pitch, Cadbury took plan of action to Amitabh Bachchans profound baritone. This was the first occasion when that a big name was utilized to embrace Cadbury Dairy Milk. The business did miracles to customer certainty. A progression of advertisements with Bachchan including Pappu Paas ho Gaya to Miss Palampur brought back the lost believability of the individuals. With Bachchan they additionally propelled their new situating of Kuch Meetha Ho Jaaye acquiring the convention of commending a glad event in India with desserts and now Cadbury Dairy Milk specifically. Development The concentration for a period moved to taking the idea of Kuch Meetha Ho Jaaye further. The Pehli Tareekh Hai battles discussed the significance of having Dairy Milk and celebrating on getting your compensation on pay-day. The advertisements had an extremely retro-feel to it and clicked with the crowd. However, it is the ongoing string of Shubh Aarambh promotions that have brought back the old appeal of Cadbury Dairy Milk with its extremely fascinating knowledge of blending the conventional with the new age. Rundown Cadbury Dairy Milk has adjusted to the Indian market amazingly. From making a sweet eating country to change to chocolates to turning into the market chief, Cadbury Dairy Milk has done everything as a result of the passionate interface it built up with the customers. Its correspondence likewise constantly centered around the passionate angles and sentiments of life separated from suddenness. Its correspondence has consistently displayed its qualities and character. As I would like to think, the Kuch Meetha Ho Jaaye idea is a goldmine which can be utilized in an assortment of routes in a nation like India.

#reflectiveteacher †9/3 †Areas Of Improvement

posted on September 3, 2014 Note: I am participating in  a 30-day blog challenge as part of  Reflective Teacher Month at Teach Thought. I am looking forward to learning more about myself, my pedagogy and my colleagues. Day 3  Prompt:  Discuss one â€Å"observation† area that you would like to improve on for your teacher evaluation. I’ve discussed my evaluations  from two years ago   and the evaluation I received last year  under the Marzano system. If you read both of those posts, you’ll see that my evaluations have improved each year that I’ve taught, including the two years that I was at the same school. Last year, I even received the highest score possible in one of the Marzano elements. I would like to continue that trend — to continue growing, to continue improving my craft. This year, I’ll be evaluated under the Tulsa Evaluation System, so I must familiarize myself with its requirements. That said, I am not a fan of the dog and pony show. I want to do what I know is right every single day, so that my principal can observe me at any time and see what he needs to see, as much as possible. I know that some days will be exceptions — STAR testing days, independent reading days, etc. — but when I am teaching, I want to be doing the best teaching possible. I want the kids to be engaged, actively learning, and even enjoying themselves. To that end,  if I had to pick one area from the Tulsa TLE, I’d say Instructional Effectiveness. Since I was  not an education major, I have felt that it is very important that I educate myself extensively in the area of instructional best practices. To that end, among others, I read more than 100 education blogs daily, network with educators across the state, and am a member of a few education/English teacher organizations such as the International Reading Association and the National Council of Teachers of English. I am constantly searching for the best practices for teaching my students, via online and local networks. I will continue this process for as long as I’m a teacher. Michelle WatersI am a secondary English Language Arts teacher, a University of Oklahoma student working on my Master’s of Education in Instructional Leadership and Academic Curriculum with an concentration in English Education, and a NBPTS candidate. I am constantly seeking ways to amplify my students’ voices and choices.

Essay about Agents of Socialization - 1748 Words

Agents of socialization in short are the people, groups, and social institutions, as well as the interactions within these groups that influence a person’s social and self-development. Agents of socialization are believed to provide the critical information needed for children to function successfully as a member of society. Some examples of such agents are family, neighborhood, schools, peers, religion, sports, the workplace, and especially the mass media. Each agent of socialization is linked to another. For example, in the media, symbolic images affect both the individual and the society, making the mass media the most controversial socialization agent. One of the most obvious places agents of socialization lay is in the malls of†¦show more content†¦The men in these posters on the other hand are depicted as muscular, tan, strong, wealthy, and powerful, they too try to fit their â€Å"role† of manhood; hence the reasons there are so many violent teenage boys . They all think that being tough and strong is how they are supposed to be, and girls are depicted to be weak, dainty, and depended on males. Going into different stores, one can easily pick up on the major gender roles each store supports. Even the morals of an innocent toy store, such as KB Toys, is tainted by the gender-differentiating dolls for girls, and trucks for boys. Upon entering the store you can tell right away which aisles attract which kids. To the left there is pink fluffy bears, pink Barbie and friends toys, white teddy bears etc. To the right there is a less vibrant color setting, coordinating army green, black, and gray color schemes. I think it is apparent to anyone who enters these stores that the pink pretty isles are meant to attract little girls, and the dark green and gray isles are meant to attract boys. Upon the packages of toy trucks and guns, there are pictures of young boys playing with them and/or cartoon male figures controlling them. On the packaging of Barbie and her friends there are also other girls on the packaging. I was unable to pick up on a single female on the package of any toy tru ck or gun throughout the entire store. TheShow MoreRelatedThe As Agents Of Socialization Essay1462 Words   |  6 PagesTV shows have long been known as agents of socialization that define and expose us to many prevalent concepts in society. This includes deviance, meaning the act, trait or belief that departs from the norm and causes a negative reaction. Certain TV shows expose and define different forms of deviance and its consequences to the viewers, who, in turn, follow these forms even if the show was made to initially entertain. These shows aim to display that most deviance on TV is based on promoting conformityRead MoreWhat are Agents of Socialization?1413 Words   |  6 PagesSocialization is a lifelong learning process essential for our development as human beings. Through socialization we acquire a sense of self as well as emotions. Socialization is an essential factor in shaping our behavior. Without socialization, people wouldnt be able to learn the language, symbols, values, and norms of the society their live in. They also wouldnt be able to find their place in society. Significant individuals and groups that have an impact on a persons socialization are referredRead MoreAgents And Stages Of Socialization971 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many agents and stages of socialization throughout the world. Agents are the things that influence people throughout all of their stages. Family, church, media, schools, and peers are all agents. The stages of socialization are peoples stages of life, but all cultures have fewer or more stages than others. Childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age are the stages in the United States culture. Adolescence can be a very odd stage in and of itself, but some cultures do not even have anRead MoreAgents of Socialization Essay754 Words   |  4 PagesMarch 2, 2009 SOCIALIZATION THROUGHOUT LIFE The agents of socialization during my adolescence have provided situations and experiences that have shaped my personality and socialization. I have many situations that have influenced me in adolescence positively and negatively. My whole life I have been afraid of heights. If there were any need for me to go somewhere that is a high place, I would not go. If I ever went to six flags with my family, I wouldn’t get on any roller coasterRead MoreIs Education An Agent Of Socialization? Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagesand opportunity, the view of teenagers towards school still remains overall pessimistic, perhaps more now than ever before (Kohn). From a sociological perspective, I would research the history and development of education and its role as an agent of socialization on individuals. Using religious studies, I would look into the varying views of different beliefs and their definitions of what education, knowledge, and success should mean to a human being. By collabora ting my knowledge in both religiousRead MoreTelevision as an Agent of Socialization1013 Words   |  5 PagesTelevision as an Agent of Socialization I chose the first episode of the very popular television program The Event. I viewed the first episode on Netflix, October 20, 2011. This program originally aired on NBC, September 10, 2010, and is titled â€Å"I Haven’t Told You Everything†. This program has a total of twenty two series to date and is classified as an action-adventure drama. After viewing a picture of the main characters with the synopsis of this program, I noticed immediately that this wasRead MoreThe Fundamental Agents Of Socialization976 Words   |  4 PagesAs one of the most fundamental agents of socialization, the social construct of traditional families had continued to be molded and transformed by events in history. Most families in the United States no longer thrive within the traditional boundaries and guidelines set by our forefathers. At first, families within the United States consisted of a father, a mother and a few children; however, due to historical events, traditional families s hifted to include same-sex couples, single parents, and fewerRead MoreSignificance Of The Agents Of Socialization Essay902 Words   |  4 Pages9. Name and discuss the significance of four Agents of/Participants in Socialization. The four Agents of Socialization are the family, school, peers, and workplace. Family is a huge and very influential agent of Socialization, Families today are so vastly diverse and the environment a child grows up in has a lasting affect on them. Although children spent a lot of time with their family, a majority of their life is spent in school. School is where children are first introduced to authority outsideRead MoreA Childs Socialization Agents1275 Words   |  6 PagesMorris, 1998) Though some Microsystems may be more prominent then others, we are all influenced and effected by the socializing agents within our family, community, child care or school, the media, and our peers. These small settings make the most significant impact on our lives and aid in our socialization complexity. In order for a child to have a positive socialization experience, each Microsystem must consist of appropriate influences and encourage a child to have a positive self image. TheRead MoreThe Agents Of Socialization : Andrew Vachss1233 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 2015 The Agents of Socialization Andrew Vachss--an American crime author, child protection consultant, and minority youth lawyer--once said, â€Å"All children are born pure egoists. They perceive their needs to the exclusion of all others. Only through socialization do they learn that some forms of gratification must be deferred and others denied† (Vachss). Vachss’ view that inequalities and prejudice are in fact learned behaviors is supported by analysis of the agents of socialization--the groups

Lady Macbeth of Shakespeares Play, Macbeth Essay

Lady Macbeth of Shakespeares Play, Macbeth Lady Macbeth is the most interesting and complex character in Shakespeares play, Macbeth. She is, in fact, the point on which the action pivots: without her there is no play. The purpose of this essay is to describe Lady Macbeth’s role in the play and discuss why this makes her the most fascinating character. Her evil doings are the main reasons why she dominates the plot so greatly. These include the following: considers Macbeth to be a wimp not wanting to murder; letting Macbeth fulfill her plan; taking control over Macbeth’s thoughts and actions; turning Macbeth from a loyal man to a greedy, coldhearted human being. Also Lady Macbeth’s transformation in character and her relationship†¦show more content†¦Lady Macbeth tells her husband that â€Å"Is too full of the human kindness† which means she considers him to be a â€Å"wimp† and that she’ll have to do it all herself. Lady Macbeth’s actions shape the first two acts which proves she is the point on which the action pivots. Lady Macbeth continues to convince and persuade Macbeth into thinking her plan will pay off. Eventually Macbeth decides against the murder of his king but Lady Macbeth shames him for not being able to murder, threatening to take away her love from him if he does not. This threat shocks Macbeth into saying â€Å"yes†. Lady Macbeth outlines her plan to kill King Duncan while asleep as a guest in their castle. Macbeth had the dagger in his hand ready to kill the King but he just could not do it until the King started waking up, it was then he knew he had no choice. He regrets his actions afterwards, But where fore could not I pronounce Amen? / I had most need of blessing, and Amen / Stuck in my throat which is proof that he never was willing to kill the King but Lady Macbeth assures him â€Å"a little water will wash away their guilt†. Macbeth having killed the King eventually kills several others to cover his tracks. This proves Lady Macbeth transformed her husband by saying things such as â€Å"Are you a man?† She made him feel at fault so things could be done her way. If it weren’t for Lady Macbeth, Macbeth would have never have killed anyone. This story of LadyShow MoreRelatedThe Relationship of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth in William Shakespeares Play1131 Words   |  5 PagesThe Relationship of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth in William Shakespeares Play The play begins when Macbeth meets three witches and is given three prophecies - one of which is that he will be king. In Lady Macbeths first scene she is reading a letter from her husband telling her about the witchs predictions. Upon reading the letter she instantly decides to obtain the crown for Macbeth through any possible means. Lady Macbeth is viewed as very controlling, strong, and certain;Read MoreThe Negative Portrayal of Lady Macbeth in Shakespeares Play, Macbeth2676 Words   |  11 Pages‘Macbeth’ is a play in which a Lord and his Lady come into supreme power through acts of injustice and despicable inhumanities. In the play Macbeth there is no main focal theme that overrules the others; the play however has several underlying themes, namely there are important themes i.e. good and evil (like ying and yang), greed and power, guilt and conscience, fear, ambition – this leads to the murder of other people illustrating to the reader that even the most sane of people can result to characterRead MoreMacbeth and Lady Macbeth as Evil Murderers in William Shakespeares Play1016 Words   |  5 PagesMacbeth and Lady Macbeth as Evil Murderers in William Shakespeares Play At the start of this play Macbeth is mentioned by witches which doesn’t give him credibility with the audience, whilst soon after Macbeth is seen as a brave, loyal and trustworthy servant of his king, Duncan. Almost as soon as the play starts, you hear of Macbeth’s bravery; â€Å"Brave Macbeth-well he deserves that name†¦Like Valour’s minion.† But soon after he has his meeting with the witches he is alreadyRead More The Evil Actions of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth in Shakespeares Play1593 Words   |  7 PagesMacbeth is a tragedy written by Shakespeare roughly between the years 1603 and 1606. It was a play written following the death of Queen Elizabeth. The king at the time - James I of England/King James VI of Scotland was known to be a big supporter of theatre, witchcraft and demonology. Shakespeare and his associates soon into their career became known as the King’s men. The Kings ancestry was traced back to Banquo, a character from the play. At the beginning, Macbeth is spoken about by the threeRead More Lady Macbeths Strategy in William Shakespeares Play Macbeth1612 Words   |  7 PagesLady Macbeths Strategy in William Shakespeares Play Macbeth In the seventh scene of act one Macbeth has left the banquet, and expresses his doubts about murdering Duncan in a monologue. Lady Macbeth comes in, and argues with Macbeth, until she manages to convince him, that he has to murder Duncan. To do that Lady Macbeth uses mainly two arguments. Letting I dare not? wait upon ?I would? like the poor cat i? the adage? (lines 43-44). Lady Macbeth tells Macbeth here that he shouldnRead MoreMacbeth And The Future Contingency Of Future Persons By Luke Wilson950 Words   |  4 PagesIn the journal article â€Å"Macbeth and the Future Contingency of Future Persons† by Luke Wilson, the author claims that Shakespeare’s plays are usually deeply invested in the reproductive futurism; 33 out of 37 plays are based on the future seen through the figure of the child that is particularly the heir of the father or mother, but Wilson claims that William Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth, is told as an early modern anti-natalist point of view which is â€Å"a philosophical position that assigns a negativeRead MorePsychoanalytic Ideas And Shakespeare By Inge Wise And Maggie Mills1420 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare in general are used throughout the book . The authors focus on psychopathic fiction characters in six plays Hamle t, Macbeth, twilight nights, King Lear, and the Tempest. The book when you read the reviews and the induction of the book is very misleading, the book should be called interpretations of other authors who have a written on the psychoanalytic some of Shakespeare s major plays. Whenever Mill and Wise that would give their analysis of what the train meant, to me did not make senseRead MoreA Comparison of Shakespeares Macbeth and Rupert Goolds Film Adaptation 954 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s masterpiece, Macbeth, is a tragedy brilliantly brought to the 21st Century by Rupert Goold. Although Shakespeare’s Macbeth is a play set in 16th Century Scotland, Rupert Goold modernizes the play by changing the setting to a Soviet-styled country and implementing modern elements into the characters and theme. Although Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Rupert Goold’s film adaptation share many ideologies and a general storyline, a difference exists in the settin g, the characters, andRead MoreCharacterization Of Macbeth1276 Words   |  6 Pages But with this answer comes another question: why would Shakespeare name the main character Macbeth when his monarchs were Elizabeth I and James I? What message was he trying to send by using the name of Macbeth, the king of Scotland in 1040? In Jonathan Goldberg’s essay â€Å"Speculations: Macbeth and source† in Jean E Howard’s anthology on Shakespeare, Goldberg explains how the King Duncan in the play is a reflection of the real life Duncan I from Scotland in the 1030s when Scotland was going throughRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth, The King Of Scotland944 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeare’s inspiration of adapting a historical event to the character Macbeth is what leads Shakespeare’s play to success. The connection between both the historical version and a play version is known to be extraordinary. The imagination to take one character and twist his histo ry is fascinating in every aspect leading readers to know more about the play. Shakespeare’s portrayal of the tragedy Macbeth compares and contrasts to the historical biography of Macbeth as the king of Scotland. Shakespeare’s

Risk Assessment Health and Environmental Risks

Question: Describe about the Risk Assessment for Health and Environmental Risks. Answer: Introduction: The risk identification in an organization is important to be considered, as it helps the organization in eliminating the risks and challenges that most of the projects usually have. It is highly important to understand and adopt the effective means of defending and protecting vital information of the organization. Hence, the aim of the report is to mitigate and resolve and overcome the issues and risks associated with the organization (Covello Merkhoher, 2013). Discussion: It should be remembered that the method of risk assessment is not about creating an enormous amount of paperwork, but it is rather about the identification of the sensible measures necessary for controlling the risks in the workplace. It should be remembered that the organization is required to introduce a systematic and organized approach to the issue of risk assessment in the organization (Faerbar et al., 2015). First, the organization is required to identify the possible risks that can potentially harm the organization. Hence, the first step that has to be taken is to check or cross check the data sheets of the manufacturer, and to gain a comprehensive knowledge about the general risks and threats that challenge the Information Technology system. The common threats that one usually comes across constitute, the failure of the hardware and the software, malware that can potentially disrupt the operation of the computer, virus, spam and scams, or even human error. Again, it is also i mportant to have a check on issues, such as criminal IT threats, that can also damage the important data of the organization (Haimes, 2015). Once the source of the threat is being identified, it is important to analyze how the organization is going to be affected by the respective threat. Followed by this, the risks are supposed to be evaluated and the resultant findings should be properly recorded for future reference. However, the organization chooses to adopt the IT-Grundschutz system. This is one of the most effective strategies adopted by the organization. As per this risk assessment method, the risk of the organization will be analyzed by identifying the risks, followed by categorizing the risks into the following threat catalogues such as the BSI Standard 100-1, BSI Standard 100-2, and others. Further, apart from identifying and classifying the risks involved, the organization will also require categorizing the protection requirements needed to mitigate and resolve the IT issues (Ergu et al., 2014). By defining and classifying the protection requirements, the organization will be able to trace the factors that are leading to such risks, and can accordingly take the necessary steps to resolve the issues. This will assist the organization to understand if the IT risk is caused by negative internal or external effects, violation of laws and norms, or is it because of any kind of impairment of duties (Theoharidou et al., 2013). Once the reason behind the risk is comprehended by the organization, it will focus on the safeguard methods that are required to be adopted in order to combat the issue. The safeguard measures the organization may reach at, may be various, such as change in infrastructure, or contingency planning. Finally, the organization will also regularly review and update the risk assessment procedures, so that it can take note of the significant changes, improvements or problems that have emerged as a result of the introduction of the new procedure (Vinnem, 2014). Conclusion: It is important to note here that there would be residual threats that cannot be prevented by ordinary safeguard measures. Hence, it would be important for the organization to ensure that it also introduces additional security measures as well that will help in reducing the risks to an acceptable level. However, it is important to note that the organization must make sure that it does not merely assess the risks, but necessarily reviews the risks. Reference List: Covello, V. T., Merkhoher, M. W. (2013).Risk assessment methods: approaches for assessing health and environmental risks. Springer Science Business Media. Ergu, D., Kou, G., Shi, Y., Shi, Y. (2014). Analytic network process in risk assessment and decision analysis.Computers Operations Research,42, 58-74. Faerber, A. E., Horvath, R., Stillman, C., OConnell, M. L., Hamilton, A. L., Newhall, K. A., ... Goodney, P. P. (2015). Development and pilot feasibility study of a health information technology tool to calculate mortality risk for patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis: the Carotid Risk Assessment Tool (CARAT).BMC medical informatics and decision making,15(1), 1. Haimes, Y. Y. (2015).Risk modeling, assessment, and management. John Wiley Sons. Theoharidou, M., Tsalis, N., Gritzalis, D. (2013, June). In cloud we trust: Risk-Assessment-as-a-Service. InIFIP International Conference on Trust Management(pp. 100-110). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Vinnem, J. E. (2014).Offshore Risk Assessment vol 2. London: Springer.

The Hurricane Essay Example

The Hurricane Essay The film, The Hurricane, directed by Rudy Langlais is a powerful production which explores issues and discourses around race and racism. I will begin with a brief description of the film before I begin my analysis. The movie is based on a true story and is set in America from the 1950s through to the 1980s. Rubin Hurricane Carter, an African American, has spent more than half of his life in prison starting from the age of eleven, for crimes he was wrongfully convicted. White authorities did everything in their power but also corrupted the legal system to place and keep Rubin (Hurricane) Carter in prison simply because of his race. After spending twenty years in State prison for being wrongly convicted of a triple murder, Rubin was set free after a young African American boy and three white American citizens fought to free him. I will explore and analyse three of the dominant discourses about race in the film for the purpose of this essay. However, I believe it is important to first answer the question: What is a discourse? A discourse is a system of statements which constructs an object. To elaborate further, theorist Foucault believes discourses are about what can be said and thought, but also about who can speak, when, and with what authority (Robinson Jones Diaz, 1999, p. 4). Therefore, discourses are intimately linked with the way society is organised as it impacts on peoples identity having implications for they can do and what they should do. Consequently, ones subjectivity and power will be constructed by the discourses that are historically and culturally available to them (Robinson Jones Diaz, 1999, p. 4). The three discourses that I will discuss in this essay is clearly defined by the language and actions portrayed in this film. The first discourse is that black people are second class citizens prone to uncivilized behaviour. Secondly, the socially constructed notion of whiteness signifies power and privilege. The third discourse I will discuss is that all white people are racists. These broad issues have implications for early childhood education and this will also be discussed briefly in this essay. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hurricane specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Hurricane specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Hurricane specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The discourse that all black people are second class citizens and prone to uncivilized behaviour was a truth that originated during the colonisation of America back in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. After the European settlers killed off countless numbers of Native Americans, they imported people from Africa to come and work in America as slaves on plantations. The Europeans viewed them as inferior human beings who are irrational, disorderly, prone to uncivilized behaviour and practically subhuman (Institute of Race Relations, 1982). So what was it that made the Europeans believe that black people were indeed a savage race? It was the notion of Darwinism, philosophised by Charles Darwin in the 1880s that allowed such discourses to be maintained and accepted as truth. Darwin believed that different groups of human beings or races evolved over hundreds and thousands, even millions of years at different rates and times, and so, some groups were more like their ape-like ancestors than others. He held certain that the black race came from gorillas and were the least developed, whereas the white race came from chimpanzees and were the highest, most evolved race (Jim, 2002). Therefore the white race was naturally and biologically seen as being more superior to any other race. This view was assumed to be proven and thus lead to the idea that social relationships are natural. As a result, permanent black inferiority remained the dominant scientific hypothesis. By the 1920s, text books supported the idea that man had evolved from a lower life form developing into varying degrees of accomplishment. Information such as, white people being naturally superior and black people being inferior and more ape-like, was commonly reflected in science books published from 1880 to 1980 (Jim, 2002). The fact that racial prejudice became naturalised, universalised and seen as being a scientific fact, explains why attitudes of racial inferiority have continued to plague western culture. For exa mple, statistics show that the majority of white people in America believe that African Americans are more violent, less intelligent and not as hard working as white people (Jim, 2002). In The Hurricane, discourses of black inferiority was upheld by powerful institutions such as the legal system, as police officers had the right to arrest and punish black people without significant proof of their conviction. For example, when young Rubin Carter was forced into a police station after being wrongfully accused of harming a white man, the police sergeant had said to the officer, Its a nigger with a knife. I dont care how old he is. Take care of him. The judge at the hearing had then said to Rubin, I only wish you were old enough, Id send you to state prison. These examples show that societal power reinforces discourses as it persuades people into taking up the dominant position of the discourse. As explained by Robinson and Jones-Diaz (1999), those people who are located outside the dominant discourse, in this case the black people, will frequently experience inequities, diminished power, and little or no support from the dominant culture for their truths about the worl d. The socially constructed notion of whiteness signifies power and privilege. This discourse began shaping itself since the European colonisation of America. Since it became a truth that the white race naturally had a more exalted destiny than any other race, non-whites became constantly undermined and alienated both as human beings and as members of society. Therefore, being white becomes the invisible norm in society representing an authoritative, delimited and hierarchical mode of thought (Kicheloe ; Steinberg, 1997, p. 4). A binary opposite is then discursively formed between whites and non-whites within the contradictory nature of whiteness being both a dominant culture and a non-culture. This means that discourses of being white are the opposite of the discourses of being a non-white. For example, the discourse that whiteness represents orderliness, rationality, and self-control and non-whiteness represents chaos, irrationality, violence and uncivilized behaviour (Kicheloe ; Stei nberg, 1997, p. 17). This discourse of white privilege is strongly exposed throughout this film by the means of language. It is the use of language that allow dominant discourses to prevail in society since this is the manner in which knowledge or truth is passed on from one person to another. Conversations held between black and white people in the film reveal to us the discourse of white supremacy. For instance, when Rubin Carter arrived at the scene of the crime in his car accompanied by another black man, a white police officer (who had not witnessed the crime), said to Rubin, Were looking for two negros in a car, to which Rubin shrewdly replied, Any two will do? This example shows us that white people or white authorities unconsciously assume that only black people are capable of such uncivilised acts. As supported by Kicheloe and Steinberg (1997), In order for whiteness to place itself in the privilege seat of rationality and superiority, it would have to construct pervasive portraits of non-whites (p. 4) This method therefore, was an approach whereby whiteness could sustain and maintain its position of power and privilege over other races. Hence, the ideology white meritocracy justified itself in the midst of inequality. The previous two discourses examined, answers the third discourse that all white people are racists. Americas history of racial discrimination within the construction of its social order explains to me why many people of colour today believe that all white people are racists. This however, this is merely a discourse seeing as it stereotypes all white people into a single category. Another explanation of why this discourse exists today is expressed by Hitchcock (1999), who considers that society itself is racist, giving all white people racial privileges and hence making them racists whether they like it or not. This belief, however, ignores the fact that many white people today are in fact trying to challenge white supremacy. For example, Challenging White Supremacy Workshops are conducted in America for white social justice activists who want to work for racial justice and challenge white privilege in all their social justice work (Ponder, 1997). Hence, this discourse that all white people are racists is in fact being challenged in American society today. In the film, Rubin (Hurricane) Carter takes on the belief that all white people are racists. After spending almost twenty years in state prison, Rubin expresses a feeling of shock and hate when his African American friend introduces him to three white folks who want to help Rubin get out of prison. Rubin says to his African American friend, I dont want to talk to them, just go. However, the three white folks, determined to release Rubin, challenge white supremacy after being threatened by white authorities to stay away from Rubin and leave town. The white woman strongly defies this threat by telling the authorities that she was not going to leave the town until she sees Rubin get set free. The white citizens in the film, for that reason, are directly challenging white supremacy and racial injustice. Hence, the discourse that all white people are racists have been challenged, and the truth that Rubin held in relation to this discourse had been deconstructed and reconstructed, leading him to a new and a more equitable way of looking at the world (Robinson Jones Diaz, 1999). The issues discussed in this essay have strong implications for educators both in schools and in early childhood environments. Schools are directly involved in the development of ideologies in their students, including racial ideologies. Therefore, schools must be populated with teachers who bring diverse worldviews and experiences that expose, challenge and deconstruct racism rather than tacitly accepting it (Sleeter, 1999, p.12). This method of education will serve the interests of diverse population and not just present the racial and social class structure. The position of privilege that many white teachers inhibit and take for granted, which they have constructed over their lifetimes is what most of them use to understand the topic of race, and therefore what they may pass on to their students. Educators of colour on the other hand, are less likely to marginalize minority intellectual discourses (Sleeter, 1999, p. 13). As educators of colour are in a less dominant position on th e so called illusory hierarchy of society, which automatically places whiteness at the top of the scale, they will more likely bring life experiences and viewpoints that critique white supremacy than the white teachers. Being an early childhood educator, I realise that it is important to implicate a variety of strategies within child care centres that embrace cultural diversity. This includes valuing and representing different languages, religions and customs in all areas of the curriculum (Henderson, 1998). For example, in the dramatic play area, clothes and equipment could be set up that represent different cultures, such as, woks, chopsticks, white dolls and coloured dolls, books written in different languages, as well as traditional outfits from a variety of different cultures. Music and songs may also be sung in languages such as Greek, Aboriginal, Italian, Spanish, or whatever languages are represented in the centre. This will also encourage bilingual children to use their home language within the centre. Employing bilingual staff is also useful, as they can communicate their language to other children who speak the same language, thus encouraging them to continue using their home language. Fo od from a variety of different cultures may also be served to children so that they become aware of the wide range of foods available in the world. These are just some examples early childhood educators may use in their centres. The purpose of implementing such strategies is to help close the gap between the cultures of the community and within early childhood settings. This cultural adaptation will inturn ease the transition of minority children into the dominant culture. In conclusion, it can be said that race and racism is a complex issue that has been historically and culturally constructed over a long period of time. Racial attitudes still prevail in American society today because it has been so heavily engraved in the construction of their history. Now that we know that no race is superior to another, the word race should be abandoned completely because it is now meaningless. Scientists have found that differences that set us apart are cultural, not racial (Jim, 2002). That is why the word race has been place in inverted commas throughout this essay. The idea of white identity in dominance must also be abandoned so that everyone can be more accepting of cultural diversity flourishing in society and acknowledge the hybridity of people today. These issues have a strong impact upon educators, as they must implement appropriate strategies to help students feel comfortable and proud of their own culture when entering into a dominant culture.

Effect of Ethnocentrism on an Individual and Society

Effect of Ethnocentrism on an Individual and Society Defined as a universal syndrome of attitude and behaviour that entails the tendency to view the world from the perspective of one’s culture (Brown, 2003), ethnocentrism has profound impact on individuals, society and multinational corporations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Ethnocentrism on an Individual and Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because an entrenched belief in one’s cultural superiority over the others determines the forms of relationship an individual extends towards people of different cultures. However, research abides in the fact that everyone is ethnocentric and it is almost impossible to avoid being ethnocentric. After watching Dream keepers: A Spirit Journey into Aboriginal Australia by Harvey Arden, what rings into the mind is the effect of ethnocentrism on an individual and society. Total neglect and marginalization encompass the daily lives of the aborig ines because of the ethnocentric belief that their culture are not only inferior, but they are not fit enough to join the Australian mainstream society. The effect of ethnocentrism on an individual is precipitated by false assumptions about cultural differences. It reinforces wrong assumptions and premature judgements on people of different cultures and therefore gives a vague feeling of superiority. Through such a wrong evaluation, an individual misses important aspects of life because ethnocentrism tends to evaluate others by what we are best at. According to Sanders (2002), â€Å"membership in an ethnic group is typically evaluated in terms of one or more observable characteristics (such as language, accent, physical features, or religion) that are regarded as indicating common descent.† Furthermore, it affects interpersonal relationship an individual develops with a person of a different culture. At the society levels, ethnocentrism deters the interaction among people of different cultures, ethnic groups, gender and age. Chirot and Seligman (2001) indicate that ethnocentrism has impacted largely on ethnic conflicts, wars and patterns of voting. It is pointed out as a major impediment to societal cohesion and peaceful co-existence among people of different cultures. According to Rogers and Laitin (1998), â€Å"ethnocentrism can be in-group favouritism or out-group hostility.† This is a pointer to the fact that societal problems such as ethnic cleansing, colonialism and racism are products of ethnocentrism of out-group hostility. Multiple forms of discrimination against members of different societies have denied people their human rights and fundamental freedoms. Furthermore, governmental neglect and group marginalization are directly linked to ethnocentrism.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In multinational corporations, ethnocent rism presents the biggest challenge in diversity management and is a determinant to consumer choice. In the understanding that appreciating diversity in organizations demand that each individual form a bigger part of the business entity and must work together knowing that their objectives and goals are far greater than their differences, ethnocentrism deters collective appreciation and the sharing of common purpose. Despite being a major component of an organization’s life and forms the very foundation of organization’s stability, diversity management remains a challenge to multinational firms because of the premature judgment of an individual’s or group’s superiority. Furthermore, it negatively effects communication, which is as a key success factor in organizational climate and it has been directly linked to job satisfaction, performance, and overall organizational effectiveness. Consumers have become complex the choices of their products. Driven by cul tural beliefs and ethnocentrism, consumers would easily shun a product because of perceived cultural inferiority of country of origin. A car manufactured in China would definitely not expect good reviews in the United States. In summary, it can be discerned from the above discussions that knowingly or unknowingly, ethnocentrism plays a critical role in the relationship we develop and the choices we make. References Brown, D.E. (2003). Ethnicity and ethnocentrism; Are they natural? In Race and ethnicity: An anthropological focus on the United States and the world (ed.) R. Scupin. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall Chirot, D. and Seligman, M.E.P. (2001). Ethno political Warfare: Causes, Consequences, and Possible Solutions. Washington DC: American psychological Association Rogers, R. and Laitin, D.D. (1998). Ethnic and National Violence. Annual Review of Sociology. 24:423-452. Sanders, J. M. (2002). Ethnic Boundaries and Identity in Plural Societies. Annual Review of Sociol ogy. 28:327-57.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Ethnocentrism on an Individual and Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Concepts of Federalism in Public Policy Making Essay

Concepts of Federalism in Public Policy Making - Essay Example From the concept of federalism have come various other schools of thought, which have culminated into sub concepts in their own right. One of these is the concept of dual federalism according to which the best option before any government or nation is to organize itself into separate yet equal branches of government so as to divide the state and national government in various spheres of functioning and significance. According to this, the state government may exercise sovereignty within its own boundaries while the national level authorities will be slated to have exclusive and enumerated powers. Another concept that has branched out from federalism is that of cooperative federalism. According to this school of thought, the best course of action is to establish a strong network of consumer cooperative societies through which cooperative wholesale societies will be formed in order to undertake the purchase of farms and factories. According to federal cooperatives, the proceeds and profits thereof would be paid as dividends to the member cooperatives instead of the workers. Having studied the various aspects of federalism, it would be imperative to state that the public policy making process is greatly influenced by the concept of federalism.

Please go to a website linked below and discuss a question with Essay

Please go to a website linked below and discuss a question with philosophy knowledge and ethics - Essay Example ify situational application of principles while high scores identify strict application of moral principles, despite difference in a person’s environment. The score represents the way my moral reasoning operates. My moral reasoning corresponds to utilitarian ethics. The theory supports decisions and actions that promote maximum good to a majority of members of the society. It means evaluating a case based on its isolated environment, to determine the number of people that a case affects and the degree of effect on each of the people. Overall benefits and harm are then compared and a decision made to support an option that yield maximum benefits. The utilitarian approach explains my diversity in moral reasoning because factors around a case affect my reasoning. This is contrary to a case in which focus is made on principles. This means that for any case that relate to a moral principle, moral decisions would be the same and parsimony score would be

Evaluate Motivation Theories Essay Example for Free

Evaluate Motivation Theories Essay Individuals join and work in organizations to fulfill their needs. They are paying attention to organizations that have the means of sustaining their needs. These means are called incentives of rewards; organizations use them to encourage individuals to contribute their efforts toward achieving organizational goals. The continued existence of an organization depends on its ability to interest and encourage individuals to accomplish these organizational and personal goals. Newman (2010), â€Å"Motivation is defined as goal-directed behavior. It concerns the level of effort one exerts in pursuing a goal. Managers are concerned with this concept because it is closely related to employee satisfaction and job performance† (Para. The Concept of Motivation). There are 2 main concepts of theories Maslow’s and Herzberg. Maslow’s need hierarchy theory divides human needs into five levels; self-actualization, esteem, social, safety and physiological needs. Physiological needs are the basic human needs including food, clothing, shelter and other necessities of life. Once these are satisfied they no longer motivate the individual. Safety needs include economic security, protection from physical danger. Social needs are love, affection, emotional needs, warmth and friendship. Esteem can be self-esteem, self-respect, self-confidence and recognition. Herzberg found that the factors causing job satisfaction (and presumably motivation) were different from that causing job dissatisfaction. Herzberg called it hygiene factors, using the term â€Å"hygiene† in the sense that they are considered maintenance factors that are necessary to avoid dissatisfaction but that by themselves do not provide satisfaction. Company policy, supervision, relationship with boss, work conditions, salary and relationship are the leading in dissatisfaction. Achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, advancement and growth are the leading to satisfaction. The effectiveness of the application of these theories can be measured with observations of employee job satisfaction. Managers can evaluate satisfaction through employee surveys or by observing workers. References: Newman, M. (2010). Motivation. Retrieved from http://business.ezine9.com/motivation-149b57b275.html

Abuse of Power Reflected in the Politics and Drama of Ancient Greece Es

Individual Abuse of Power Reflected in the Politics and Drama of Ancient Greece The Greeks believed that too much power entrusted in one person was dangerous. They were the first democratic society in a tumultuous world of kings and emperors, and they were proud of their ideology. Considering their fervent belief in rule by many, its not surprising that many Greek dramas revolve around an individual hero or a king's fall from power because of pride or some other personality flaw. Well-known characters in some of the greatest Greek tragedians' plays illustrate this idea. In Aeschylus's Agamemnon, the title character is a returning king who behaves arrogantly and thoughtlessly. He is murdered by his wife and his kingdom falls apart. Sophocles's character Oedipus ends up killing his father, losing his kingdom and his wife and mother, and becoming a blind, wandering outcast for the rest of his life. Jason in Euripides's Medea deserts his family for a new marriage which he hopes will further his station, but his old wife kills his new wife and his children, ending hi s hopes for a shining future. The evolving theme of an individual's weakness and subsequent downfall supports the Greek's democratic system, where no individual becomes too powerful. Agamemnon is a great warrior, but not a great family man. On his way to the Trojan war, he sacrificed his daughter to the gods so that his ships would be able to arrive safely and swiftly. This is an especially rotten thing to do because the war is being waged to reclaim just one woman, Helen. It is hard to justify killing one’s own daughter so that somebody else can get his wife back. However, war is what he is good at, and if he didn’t sacrifice his daughter he would be letting down ... ...ach fall from their power into death or despair. They had become too powerful, too arrogant, and too ambitious, and so the gods cut them down. This pattern of kings falling from power because of weaknesses and character flaws is very common in Greek dramas. The Greeks were proud of their democratic system, and their dramas reflected their belief that their society, ruled jointly by representatives of the people, was best in a world full of unstable and dangerous monarchies. The gods despise men who rise too high and seek to become too great. So do the Greeks. Works Cited Aeschylus. Agamemnon. Greek Tragedy. Eds. A. Cook and E. Dolin. Dallas: Spring Publishing, Inc., 1992. Euripedes; Medea; Trans. Rex Warner. The Harcourt Brace Anthology of Drama: Third Edition. Orlando: Harcourt, 2000. Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1991.

Hills Like White Elephants Essay Essay

1. I believe â€Å"the American and the girl with him† were talking about having an abortion, and how it would change their relationship if they were to have a baby. He was saying that it is the only thing â€Å"bothering† them and making them â€Å"unhappy.† The girl appears undecided, and scared of losing the man. 2. Nothing really happens, except a rehashing of their relationship, which seems to consist of looking â€Å"at things and try[ing] new drinks.† 3. Their relationship is not about communication, but about the girl following everything the man says   because she doesn’t care about herself. She just wants him to love her. He tries to manipulate the girl to agree to the abortion, saying that things between them will not have to change, and that â€Å"things will be like they were,† when she felt he loved her.   He keeps speaking about â€Å"letting the air in,† which makes me think that he wants there to be â€Å"air† in the relationship, and that the non-operation would make him—not them happy again. He feels stifled, and this pressure is reflected in the hot day. The relationship is â€Å"airy† and superficial, without direct communication, because the man does not truly care about her and is concerned only with his interests, and the girl doesn’t care about herself, so she decides to want to do what he thinks is best. 4. The conflict of the story is resolved when the girl decides to have the abortion. The climax is when Hemmingway uses the adjective â€Å"reasonably,† when describing the people waiting for the train. It is a commentary that the man was thinking â€Å"reasonably,† but not from love, even though he says he is. He made his decision out of reason, and she out of emotion. 5. The hills are described as very fertile and the opposite landscape as very barren, and it seems to represent the barrenness of their relationship, as well as the discussion about abortion. 6. I would like to know why the girl said, â€Å"’I’ll scream.’†

My Twelfth Summer By Sarah Gervais - 1525 Words

My Thirteenth Summer Sarah Gervais Reflecting on this event many times in my past, I have called it an innapropriate romance, I have called it â€Å"an unprofessional relationship†. However, most frequently, I have called it â€Å"the thing that happened that summer.† As in — remember the thing that happened that summer? What I never called it, for reasons similar to that of why I never made a fuss about it when it happened, was sexual abuse. To me, it was because it felt like an overly dramatic Dr.Phil-ization of what happened. The word â€Å"abuse† seems to imply that a victim was involved, and I have never considered myself much of one. Until now, I have been far too socially-conscious to confess the main reason I have never called it sexual abuse in spite of the fact that it was, in every sense of the word and from every clinical and psychological perspective. The real reason, is because I believed I might have asked for it. The summer camp season I turned 13, I went to a stay over camp for religious Jewish adolescents. I shaved my legs and wore a bra for the first time, still used tangle-free L oreal green apple spray in my hair, and shopped at the nearest La senza. I had my first summer romance a few weeks prior — a disheveled, freckly, brutish boy a year younger who took me for two kayak rides and then broke up with me, calling me a tease and, I was sure, ruining my romantic prospects until eternity. I turned from real life to fantasy life, and decided to brush off the